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Personalizing a positive psychology intervention improves well-being.

Samantha J Heintzelman1, Kostadin Kushlev2, Ed Diener3

  • 1Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

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Personalizing positive psychology interventions (PPIs) by tailoring activities to individual needs, like focusing on weaknesses or self-selection, enhances subjective well-being more effectively than random assignments.

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person-activity fitpersonalizationpositive psychology interventionssubjective well-being

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Positive Psychology
  • Intervention Science

Background:

  • Positive psychology interventions (PPIs) are known to boost subjective well-being.
  • However, the effectiveness of PPIs varies significantly among individuals.
  • Personalization strategies are needed to optimize PPI outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate strategies for personalizing PPI programs to maximize subjective well-being.
  • To examine how different activity selection methods (self-selection, weakness-based, strength-based, random) influence PPI effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Study 1 (N=516) surveyed participants' preferences and use of PPI activity selection strategies.
  • Study 2 (N=112) experimentally assigned participants to PPIs based on random, weakness-based, or self-selection strategies.
  • Subjective well-being and other outcomes were measured pre- and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • Participants preferred self-selection and most frequently used weakness-based strategies.
  • Both weakness-based and self-selection personalization strategies led to greater improvements in subjective well-being compared to random assignment.
  • PPIs, particularly life-skills lessons, significantly increased subjective well-being.

Conclusions:

  • Personalizing PPIs through weakness-based or self-selection strategies offers significant benefits over random assignment.
  • These findings have implications for optimizing psychological interventions in research and practice.
  • Tailoring interventions can enhance individual and societal well-being.