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The genetic structure and admixture of Manchus and Koreans in northeast China

Na Sun¹, Le Tao², Rui Wang²

¹College of Foreign Languages, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China.

Annals of Human Biology

|February 22, 2023

Abstract

Background:

The fine-scale genetic profiles and population history of Manchus and Koreans remain unclear.

Aim:

To infer a fine-scale genetic structure and admixture of Manchu and Korean populations.

Subjects And Methods:

We collected and genotyped 16 Manchus from Liaoning and 18 Koreans from Jilin province with about 700K genome-wide SNPs. We analysed the data using principal component analysis (PCA), ADMIXTURE, Fst, TreeMix, f-statistics, qpWave, and qpAdm.

Results:

Manchus and Koreans showed a genetic affinity with northern East Asians. Chinese Koreans showed a long-term genetic continuity with Bronze Age populations from the West Liao River and had a strong affinity with Koreans in South Korea and Japan. Manchus had a different genetic profile compared with other Tungusic populations since the Manchus received additional genetic influence from the southern Chinese but didn't have West Eurasian-related admixture.

Conclusions:

The genetic formation of Manchus involving southern Chinese was consistent with the extensive interactions between Manchus and populations from central and southern China. The large-scale genetic continuity between ancient West Liao River farmers and Koreans highlighted the role farming expansion played in the peopling of the Korean Peninsula.

Keywords:

Genetic structure Manchu, Korean population history

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