Mycobacterium smegmatis secreting methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) modulates cellular processes in mouse...

Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) is an antioxidant repair enzyme that reduces the oxidized methionine (Met-O) in proteins to methionine (Met). Its pivotal role in the cellular processes has been well established by overexpressing, silencing, and knocking down MsrA or deleting the gene encoding MsrA in several species. We are specifically interested in understanding the role of secreted MsrA in bacterial pathogens. To elucidate this, we infected mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis strain (MSM), secreting a bacterial MsrA or M. smegmatis strain (MSC) carrying only the control vector. BMDMs infected with MSM induced higher levels of ROS and TNF-α than BMDMs infected with MSC. The increased ROS and TNF-α levels in MSM-infected BMDMs correlated with elevated necrotic cell death in this group. Further, RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of BMDMs infected with MSC and MSM revealed differential expression of protein and RNA coding genes, suggesting that bacterial-delivered MsrA could modulate the host cellular processes. Finally, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified the down-regulation of cancer-related signaling genes in MSM-infected cells, indicating that MsrA can potentially regulate the development and progression of cancer.