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Experimental human infections with Giardia lamblia.

T E Nash1, D A Herrington, G A Losonsky

  • 1Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|December 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Two Giardia lamblia strains showed varied pathogenicity in humans. The GS/M strain caused infection and illness, while the Isr strain did not, demonstrating strain-specific Giardia infection outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Giardia lamblia is a common cause of parasitic intestinal disease.
  • Understanding strain variation in pathogenicity is crucial for disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathogenicity of two distinct human Giardia lamblia isolates (GS/M and Isr).
  • To fulfill Koch's postulates for Giardia lamblia in human volunteers.

Main Methods:

  • Enteral inoculation of healthy volunteers with specific doses of Giardia lamblia trophozoites.
  • Clinical observation and serological testing (IgM, IgG, IgA) for infection and immune response.
  • Rechallenge study to assess immunity and reinfection in previously infected individuals.

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Main Results:

  • The GS/M strain caused infection and symptoms of giardiasis in volunteers, while the Isr strain did not.
  • Rechallenge studies indicated partial immunity, with reinfection occurring asymptomatically in some previously infected individuals.
  • Humoral immune responses, including serum and intestinal IgA, were observed in infected volunteers.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrates significant strain-specific variation in the pathogenicity of Giardia lamblia in humans.
  • Supports the role of specific Giardia strains in causing symptomatic giardiasis.
  • Highlights the complexity of Giardia immunity and the potential for asymptomatic reinfection.