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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Metabolomics-based Sleepiness Markers for Risk Prevention and Traffic Safety (ME-SMART): a monocentric, controlled,

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  • 1Department of Forensic Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

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Summary

This study explores metabolic changes as objective biomarkers for sleepiness, a significant societal burden. Findings aim to establish a reliable panel for detecting sleepiness and its behavioral impacts.

Keywords:
BiomarkerDriving simulationDrowsy drivingFitness to DriveLC–MSMetabolomicsOral fluidSleep deprivationSleep restrictionSleepiness

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Metabolomics
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Sleep deprivation and insufficient sleep pose significant societal challenges.
  • Current methods for detecting sleepiness lack objective biomarkers, unlike those for alcohol or drug use.
  • Metabolic profile changes are hypothesized to reflect altered physiological functions related to sleep-wake regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in the human metabolome associated with sleepiness.
  • To identify and establish a panel of candidate biomarkers for objective sleepiness detection.
  • To correlate metabolic changes with behavioral outcomes and performance decrements.

Main Methods:

  • A monocentric, randomized, crossover clinical study involving 24 participants.
  • Three study arms: control (16/8 wake/sleep), sleep restriction, and sleep deprivation (8-hour sleep deficit).
  • Primary outcome: changes in oral fluid metabolome; secondary outcomes: performance tests, subjective sleepiness, EEG, and metabolites in breath/sweat.

Main Results:

  • This is the first study to combine comprehensive metabolic profiling with performance monitoring across varied sleep-wake schedules.
  • Analysis of oral fluid, breath, and sweat metabolites in relation to sleep debt.
  • Correlation of metabolic shifts with objective and subjective measures of sleepiness and performance.

Conclusions:

  • The study aims to establish a novel, objective biomarker panel for sleepiness.
  • Findings will address the lack of accessible biomarkers for sleepiness detection.
  • Results are expected to benefit multiple disciplines impacted by sleep-related issues.