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Racial Disparities and Common Respiratory Infectious Diseases in Children of the United States: A Systematic Review

Elizabeth A K Jones1, Amal K Mitra1, Shelia Malone1

  • 1School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Racial disparities exist in children's infectious respiratory diseases, with Hispanic and Black children disproportionately affected. Vaccinations are crucial for reducing infection risk in these vulnerable populations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Health disparities research
  • Public health epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on racial disparities in pediatric infectious respiratory diseases.
  • Understanding these gaps is crucial for targeted public health interventions.
  • Existing research suggests potential inequities in disease burden among minority children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the presence of racial disparities in the occurrence of infectious respiratory diseases among children.
  • To quantify the extent of racial gaps in pediatric respiratory infections.
  • To identify contributing factors and potential mitigation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Inclusion of 20 quantitative studies published between 2016 and 2022.
  • Analysis of data from 2,184,407 participants.

Main Results:

  • Significant racial disparities were identified in the U.S. for infectious respiratory diseases in children.
  • Hispanic and Black children bear a disproportionately higher burden of these diseases.
  • Factors such as poverty, chronic conditions (asthma, obesity), and healthcare access contribute to these disparities.

Conclusions:

  • Racial disparities in infectious respiratory diseases are evident in children across age groups, with minority children most affected.
  • Addressing socioeconomic factors and improving healthcare access are critical.
  • Vaccinations represent a key strategy to mitigate infection risks, particularly for Black and Hispanic children.

Keywords:
childrencommunicable diseasescontagious diseasesethnic differencesinfectious diseasesracial discriminationracial disparities

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