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Costunolide alleviates hyperglycaemia-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy via inhibiting inflammatory responses and

Bo Jin1,2, Yi Chen2, Jiong Wang2

  • 1The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|February 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Costunolide (Cos) protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. This natural compound activates antioxidant pathways, offering a potential treatment for heart damage in diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) involves hyperglycemia-induced heart injury, impaired antioxidant capacity, and chronic inflammation.
  • Costunolide (Cos), a natural compound, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its role in DCM is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic effects of Costunolide (Cos) on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of Cos in mitigating diabetes-induced myocardial injury.

Main Methods:

  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) was induced in C57BL/6 mice using streptozotocin.
  • The effects of Cos on inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis were assessed in cardiac tissues and high glucose-stimulated H9c2 cells.
  • Key molecular pathways, including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2 (Nrf-2), were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Costunolide (Cos) significantly inhibited high glucose-induced fibrotic responses in both diabetic mice and H9c2 cells.
  • Cos reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines and decreased oxidative stress markers.
  • Cos reversed diabetes-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation and enhanced the antioxidant defense system via nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) activation.

Conclusions:

  • Costunolide (Cos) alleviates cardiac damage and improves cardiac function in diabetic mice.
  • Cos exerts cardioprotective effects by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation and activating Nrf-2-mediated antioxidant pathways.
  • Costunolide (Cos) shows potential as a therapeutic agent for treating diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Keywords:
CostunolideNF-κBNrf-2diabetic cardiomyopathyinflammationoxidative stress

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