Two variant muscles in the gluteal region

Area of Science:

• Human Anatomy
• Morphological Variations
• Surgical Anatomy

Background:

• The gluteal region contains short lateral rotators of the thigh, which are subject to anatomical variations.
• Understanding these variations is crucial for accurate anatomical knowledge and surgical procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To document and describe two distinct morphological variants of accessory muscles identified in the gluteal region.
• To detail the origin, insertion, innervation, and vascular supply of these anomalous structures.

Main Methods:

• Anatomical dissection of a single right lower limb.
• Identification and detailed description of variant muscular and tendinous structures.
• Documentation of nerve supply (obturator nerve) and blood supply (inferior gluteal artery).

Main Results:

• Two accessory muscles were identified: one originating from the ischium and fusing with the gemellus inferior, and another with tendinous and muscular parts inserting on the trochanteric fossa.
• Both variant structures received innervation from the obturator nerve and vascularization from the inferior gluteal artery.
• An additional connection was noted between the quadratus femoris and the adductor magnus.

Conclusions:

• The presence of these accessory muscles represents significant morphological variations in the thigh's lateral rotators.
• These anatomical anomalies may have clinical implications, particularly in surgical interventions and understanding lower limb biomechanics.