A Safer High-Energy Lithium-Ion Capacitor Using Fast-Charging and Stable ω-Li₃ V₂ O₅ Anode.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) require high-performance anodes for enhanced energy density and safety.
• Current graphite and Li₄ Ti₅ O₁₂ anodes exhibit limitations in rate capability, energy density, and thermal stability, posing safety risks.
• Developing advanced anode materials is crucial for next-generation LICs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce a novel ω-Li₃ V₂ O₅ (ω-LVO) anode for safer, high-energy LIC applications.
• To investigate the electrochemical performance, thermal safety, and gassing behavior of ω-LVO-based LICs.
• To explore the structural and interfacial stability of the ω-LVO anode.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication and electrochemical testing of AC||ω-LVO LIC devices.
• Evaluation of lithium-ion transport kinetics and long-term cycling stability.
• Assessment of thermal safety using accelerating rate calorimetry, in situ gas analysis, and ultrasonic scanning imaging.

Main Results:

• The ω-LVO anode demonstrates fast lithium-ion transport kinetics at various temperatures.
• The AC||ω-LVO LIC achieves high energy density and long-term cycling stability.
• Advanced safety assessments confirm the superior thermal stability and reduced gassing of the ω-LVO-based LIC.

Conclusions:

• The ω-LVO anode's inherent structure and interface stability are key to its high safety.
• This study validates ω-LVO as a promising anode material for developing safer, high-energy LICs.
• The findings provide critical insights into the electrochemical and thermochemical properties of ω-LVO anodes in LICs.