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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Isolation of Native Soil Microorganisms with Potential for Breaking Down Biodegradable Plastic Mulch Films Used in Agriculture
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Characterizing the binding interactions between virgin/aged microplastics and catalase in vitro.

Mengchen Xu1, Shuncheng Hu1, Zhaohao Cui2

  • 1School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.

Chemosphere
|February 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Aging alters microplastics (MPs), increasing their binding affinity to antioxidant enzymes like catalase (CAT). Aged MPs cause structural damage to CAT, potentially impacting enzyme function and highlighting environmental risks.

Keywords:
Binding interactionCatalaseLight irradiationMicroplasticsSpectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Microplastics (MPs) undergo environmental aging, altering their properties and toxicity.
  • Oxidative stress from MPs is known, but differences between virgin and aged MPs and their in vitro enzyme interactions are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate structural and functional changes in catalase (CAT) induced by virgin and aged polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC-MPs).
  • To elucidate the interaction mechanisms between MPs and antioxidant enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • PVC-MPs were aged via light irradiation (photooxidation).
  • Physicochemical properties of virgin and aged MPs were analyzed.
  • Interactions with CAT were studied using fluorescence and synchronous fluorescence spectra.
  • Structural changes in CAT were assessed via secondary structure analysis (α-helix, β-sheet).

Main Results:

  • Photooxidation aged PVC-MPs, creating rougher surfaces with more binding sites.
  • Both virgin and aged MPs quenched CAT's fluorescence, interacting with tryptophan and tyrosine residues.
  • Aged MPs caused unfolding of CAT's skeleton and polypeptide chains, altering secondary structures.
  • MPs did not affect CAT's heme groups or activity due to size limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental aging significantly modifies microplastic properties, enhancing their interaction with biomacromolecules.
  • Aged MPs can induce structural damage to antioxidant enzymes like CAT, suggesting potential health and ecological risks.
  • The formation of a protein corona is a likely interaction mechanism, with aged MPs exhibiting greater adsorption capacity.