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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital-manifested COVID-19 among Brazilians

Polianna Delfino-Pereira1, Magda Carvalho Pires2, Virginia Mara Reis Gomes3

  • 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Institute for Health Technology Assessment (IATS/ CNPq), Porto Alegre, Brazil.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|February 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Hospital-acquired COVID-19 significantly increases mortality risk compared to community-acquired infections. Older age, male sex, multiple comorbidities, and cancer are key predictors of death in hospitalized patients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • COVID-19 can manifest in hospitalized patients, distinct from community-acquired infections.
  • Understanding the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital-manifested COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical features and outcomes of hospital-manifested versus community-manifested COVID-19.
  • To identify risk factors for mortality in patients with hospital-acquired COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 7,710 adult COVID-19 patients hospitalized between March and September 2020.
  • Propensity score matching to compare hospital-manifested (study group) and community-manifested (control group) COVID-19 patients.
  • Logistic regression analysis to determine mortality risk factors in the hospital-acquired group.

Main Results:

  • 7.2% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients developed symptoms during admission.
  • Hospital-manifested COVID-19 was linked to higher rates of cancer, alcoholism, ICU admission, sepsis, and death (35.8% vs 22.5%).
  • Independent mortality predictors in the hospital-acquired group included older age, male sex, comorbidities, and cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Hospital-acquired COVID-19 is associated with significantly increased mortality.
  • Age, male sex, number of comorbidities, and cancer are independent predictors of mortality in hospital-manifested COVID-19.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Clinical characteristicsHospital-manifested infectionIn-hospital mortalityOutcomesRisk factors

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