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Updated: Aug 9, 2025

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
Published on: November 13, 2016
Non-invasive sensory neuromodulation in epilepsy: Updates and future perspectives
Zhongxia Li1, Liying Chen2, Cenglin Xu3
1Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Abstract:
Epilepsy, one of the most common neurological disorders, often is not well controlled by current pharmacological and surgical treatments. Sensory neuromodulation, including multi-sensory stimulation, auditory stimulation, olfactory stimulation, is a kind of novel noninvasive mind-body intervention and receives continued attention as complementary safe treatment of epilepsy. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of sensory neuromodulation, including enriched environment therapy, music therapy, olfactory therapy, other mind-body interventions, for the treatment of epilepsy based on the evidence from both clinical and preclinical studies. We also discuss their possible anti-epileptic mechanisms on neural circuit level and propose perspectives on possible research directions for future studies.

