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The prevention and management strategies for neonatal chronic lung disease

Christopher Harris1, Anne Greenough1

  • 1Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK.

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine
|February 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

While survival rates for premature infants are improving, long-term respiratory issues like bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) persist. Research focuses on preventative strategies and optimizing care for infants with BPD.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a significant challenge despite advances in neonatal care.
  • Infants with BPD face long-term respiratory morbidity, increased hospitalizations, and reduced exercise capacity into adolescence and adulthood.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science.
  • The review focused on antenatal and postnatal preventative strategies and the management of established BPD.

Key Points:

  • Effective preventative strategies include caffeine, vitamin A, and volume guarantee ventilation.
  • Systemic corticosteroid use is now limited due to side effects, with reduced application for severe BPD.
  • Promising future strategies include surfactant with budesonide, LISA, NAVA, and stem cell therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Management of established BPD requires further research, particularly optimizing respiratory support and identifying long-term benefits of specific therapies.
  • Optimizing respiratory support and exploring pulmonary vasodilators, diuretics, and bronchodilators are crucial for infants with established BPD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bronchopulmonary dysplasiacaffeinecorticosteroidsdiureticsmacrolidesrespiratory supportstem cellssurfactant

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