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Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
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Isomerism in Complexes
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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Combinatorial Coordination Self-Assembly for Organopalladium Cages with Fine-Tuned Structure and Function.

Chong-Bin Tian1, Qing-Fu Sun1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, P. R. China.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|February 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Organopalladium coordination cages offer diverse applications. A combinatorial strategy enables the creation of both homoleptic and heteroleptic cages with tunable structures and functions.

Keywords:
combinatorial chemistrymulticomponentorganopalladium cagesself-assemblysupramolecular chemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Discrete organopalladium coordination cages show promise in molecular recognition, sensing, drug delivery, and catalysis.
  • Homoleptic cages with symmetric cavities are common, but heteroleptic cages with anisotropic cavities offer new functional possibilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a combinatorial coordination self-assembly strategy for constructing families of organopalladium cages.
  • To highlight the distinct structures and emergent properties of heteroleptic cages compared to homoleptic ones.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a combinatorial approach with a library of ligands for self-assembly.
  • Synthesizing and characterizing both homoleptic and heteroleptic organopalladium cages.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a strategy to build diverse organopalladium cage families.
  • Showcased how heteroleptic cages possess fine-tuned structures and unique properties derived from their anisotropic cavities.
  • Highlighted the systematic variation achievable within a cage family.

Conclusions:

  • The combinatorial self-assembly strategy is effective for designing diverse organopalladium cages.
  • Heteroleptic cages offer advanced functionalities through systematic structural modification.
  • This approach provides guidance for developing novel coordination cages with tailored functions.