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Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

401
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
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Introduction to Learning01:18

Introduction to Learning

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Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
In contrast to learned behaviors, unlearned behaviors such as crying, sexual...
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Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
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Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

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E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
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Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
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Reading bots: The implication of deep learning on guided reading.

Baorong Huang1, Juhua Dou2,3, Hai Zhao4

  • 1Institute of Corpus Studies and Applications, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Psychology
|February 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study applies deep learning for automated reading guidance, enhancing pre-reading, while-reading, and post-reading stages. While promising, challenges in performance and explainability require further research for real-world application.

Keywords:
deep learningnatural language processingreading comprehensionreading stagestechnology

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Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Natural Language Processing
  • Educational Technology

Background:

  • Independent reading guidance is crucial for learning.
  • Current methods for reading support are often manual and time-consuming.
  • Advances in deep learning offer potential for automated educational tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply deep learning for automated guidance across all reading stages.
  • To develop and present a prototype system integrating advanced NLP techniques.
  • To evaluate the system's effectiveness in enhancing reading comprehension and engagement.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of deep learning-based natural language processing (NLP) for reading stages.
  • Development of a prototype system with knowledge graph integration, text simplification, and auto-graded writing assessment.
  • Experimental evaluation of NLP tasks like word sense disambiguation, named entity recognition, and question generation.

Main Results:

  • The prototype system demonstrated favorable results in core NLP tasks.
  • Deep learning models showed effectiveness in knowledge graph connections and question generation.
  • Experimental results indicated areas for improvement, including performance and domain transfer.

Conclusions:

  • Deep learning shows significant potential for automating reading guidance systems.
  • The prototype system offers a novel approach to support readers at various stages.
  • Further research is needed to address limitations in performance, domain transfer, and explainability for practical deployment.