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Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
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Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

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Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
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Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Psychological Responses to Stress01:20

Psychological Responses to Stress

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Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
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Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

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Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
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Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
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Rethinking the risk for depression using the RDoC: A psychophysiological perspective.

Carola Dell'Acqua1,2, Daniela Palomba1,2, Elisabetta Patron1

  • 1Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Frontiers in Psychology
|February 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) dimensional approach, combined with psychophysiological models, offers a clearer understanding of depression vulnerability. This review explores how these models advance knowledge of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms for improved clinical utility.

Keywords:
depression vulnerabilityemotionpsychophysiologyresearch domain criteriarisk for psychiatric disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Classical categorical approaches to mental disorders lack clarity in identifying at-risk states.
  • The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) offers a dimensional framework for exploring psychopathology vulnerability.
  • Psychophysiological models are increasingly informing the study of depression vulnerability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how psychophysiological models, viewed through an RDoC lens, can enhance understanding of depression vulnerability.
  • To explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying depression risk.
  • To present future research directions for clinical application.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of psychophysiological research.
  • Focus on studies utilizing the RDoC framework.
  • Examination of findings in populations at risk for depression.

Main Results:

  • Psychophysiological models integrated with RDoC domains provide insights into depression vulnerability.
  • Research highlights specific psychophysiological markers associated with depression risk across various RDoC domains.
  • The dimensional approach facilitates a more nuanced understanding of the pathophysiology.

Conclusions:

  • Psychophysiological models are crucial for advancing the understanding of depression vulnerability within the RDoC framework.
  • Future research should continue to integrate psychophysiological measures and RDoC domains.
  • This approach holds promise for improving the clinical identification and treatment of depression.