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Magnesium-induced catharsis in chicks.

S R Lee1, W M Britton

  • 1Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.

The Journal of Nutrition
|November 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

High magnesium (Mg) diets cause diarrhea in chicks by affecting gut passage time. This effect is mediated by neural and endocrine pathways influencing chloride absorption, not solely by osmotic load.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Nutrition
  • Gastroenterology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • High magnesium (Mg) intake is known to induce diarrhea in poultry.
  • The precise physiological mechanisms underlying Mg-induced diarrhea are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms by which high magnesium diets affect gut passage time (GPT) in chicks.
  • To determine if Mg-induced catharsis is due to osmotic effects or neural/endocrine regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Chicks were fed diets supplemented with varying levels of magnesium (Mg) as MgO.
  • The effects of water-absorbent clay, adrenergic blockers (propranolol, phenoxybenzamine), and muscarinic/serotonergic blockers (methscopolamine, methysergide) on GPT were evaluated.
  • Osmotic load and mineral composition (Mg, Cl) of intestinal contents were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Magnesium supplementation dose-dependently reduced GPT, with catharsis observed at approximately 0.3% Mg.
  • Water-absorbent clay and adrenergic blockers did not alter GPT.
  • Muscarinic and serotonergic blockers increased GPT in high Mg-fed chicks.
  • Increased intestinal Mg was associated with increased chloride (Cl) levels, not solely osmotic load differences.

Conclusions:

  • Magnesium-induced catharsis in chicks is not solely due to hyperosmotic effects.
  • Neural or endocrine pathways, potentially involving chloride secretion or absorption, play a significant role in Mg-induced diarrhea.

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