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Related Experiment Video

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Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

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Spatial localization during open-loop smooth pursuit.

Stefan Dowiasch^1,2, Marius Blanke¹, Jonas Knöll^1,3

¹Department Neurophysics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Frontiers in Neuroscience

|February 23, 2023

Summary

Localization errors during eye movements are similar in open-loop and closed-loop smooth pursuit. Perceived locations shift with eye movement direction, with smaller errors observed during open-loop pursuit, particularly in the central visual field.

Keywords:

localization localization error open-loop SPEM open-loop eye movement smooth eye movements smooth pursuit

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Ophthalmology

Background:

Eye movements significantly impact the perceived location of visual stimuli.
Different types of eye movements, such as smooth pursuit (SPEM) and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), induce distinct localization errors.
Optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN) is an open-loop eye movement associated with spatial expansion errors.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate flash localization errors during open-loop smooth pursuit.
To compare these errors with those observed during closed-loop smooth pursuit and other eye movements.
To understand the influence of open-loop conditions on visual localization accuracy.

Main Methods:

Human subjects performed smooth pursuit eye movements.
A gap paradigm was used to induce brief periods of open-loop pursuit by extinguishing the target.
Brief flashes were presented during both open-loop (gap) and closed-loop (steady-state) pursuit phases.

Main Results:

Perceived flash locations were shifted in the direction of eye movement in both open-loop and closed-loop conditions.
Localization errors were slightly smaller during open-loop pursuit compared to closed-loop pursuit.
The difference in errors between open- and closed-loop conditions was most pronounced in the central visual field and diminished in the periphery.

Conclusions:

Open-loop smooth pursuit, like closed-loop pursuit, leads to directional localization errors.
The visual system exhibits resilience to localization errors even during open-loop eye movements.
Findings offer insights into the neural mechanisms underlying eye movement control and visual spatial perception.