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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infants in Indonesia
Lily Arsanti Lestari1,2, Adhyatma Noor Rizal2, Wahyu Damayanti3
1Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Insights
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) like regurgitation and constipation are common in Indonesian infants. Parental factors and infant characteristics influence FGID development, impacting infant well-being.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Gastroenterology
- Public Health
Background:
- Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in infants are understudied in Indonesia.
- Limited data exists on the prevalence and risk factors of FGIDs in Indonesian infants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of FGIDs in infants aged 6 weeks to 4 months in Indonesia.
- To identify risk factors associated with FGIDs in this population.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 433 infants was conducted from September 2018 to February 2020.
- Infant Gastrointestinal Symptom Questionnaire and Feeding Practice and Gut Comfort Questionnaire were used for data collection.
- Adapted Rome IV criteria defined FGIDs.
Main Results:
- Prevalence rates: regurgitation (26.3%), crying-related symptoms (16.8%), constipation (5.5%).
- Constipation linked to sex, paternal employment, maternal education, and birth length.
- Regurgitation associated with length at visit; crying/colic with weight at visit.
- Parental FGID history correlated with crying-related symptoms.
Conclusions:
- Regurgitation, crying, and constipation are prevalent infant FGIDs in Indonesia.
- Parental and infant characteristics are potential predictors of FGIDs.
- Further research is needed to understand clinical relevance and improve infant quality of life.
Purpose:
Information regarding functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in infants is currently lacking in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and risk factors of FGIDs in infants aged 6 weeks to 4 months in Indonesia.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study of 433 infants was conducted between September 2018 and February 2020. Information on FGIDs was collected using the Infant Gastrointestinal Symptom Questionnaire and the Feeding Practice and Gut Comfort Questionnaire. Adapted Rome IV criteria were used to define the FGIDs.
Results:
The prevalence of regurgitation was 26.3%; 16.8% of the infants presented crying-related symptoms and 5.5% exhibited constipation. The statistical analyses revealed that constipation was associated with sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-7.71; p=0.043), employment of the father (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.12-0.77; p=0.01), and education of the mother (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.07-3.51; p=0.031). Length at birth (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.55-0.99; p=0.042) was associated with constipation. Length at visit (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.76-0.91; p<0.001) was associated with regurgitation, and the weight at visit (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35-0.96; p=0.038) was associated with crying and/or colic. A history of parental FGIDs was associated with crying-related symptoms (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.23-3.68; p=0.007).
Conclusion:
Regurgitation, crying, and constipation are common FGIDs in infants. Some parental and infant characteristics may be predictors for FGIDs. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of our findings. Understanding the determinants of FGIDs will benefit healthcare professionals and parents to improve infant's quality of life and better manage these condition.
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