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Combining Peripheral Nerve Grafting and Matrix Modulation to Repair the Injured Rat Spinal Cord

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A Dual-network Nerve Adhesive with Enhanced Adhesion Strength Promotes Transected Peripheral Nerve Repair.

Wen Xue¹, Wen Shi¹, Mitchell Kuss¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA.

Advanced Functional Materials

|February 23, 2023

Summary

A novel dual-network nerve adhesive (DNNA) promotes peripheral nerve repair. This hydrogel adhesive enhances functional recovery and reduces inflammation and fibrosis after nerve transection, outperforming current treatments.

Keywords:

bioadhesive catechol decellularized matrix nerve regeneration

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Neuroscience

Background:

Peripheral nerve transection leads to limb functional loss, with current treatments like suture anastomosis causing inflammation and fibrosis, limiting recovery.
Commercial fibrin glue, an alternative nerve adhesive, avoids secondary damage but lacks sufficient adhesion strength for effective nerve repair.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a highly efficacious nerve adhesive overcoming limitations of current treatments for peripheral nerve transection.
To evaluate the therapeutic potential of a novel dual-network nerve adhesive (DNNA) for nerve repair and functional recovery.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a dual-network nerve adhesive (DNNA) via dual-crosslinking of dopamine-isothiocyanate modified hyaluronic acid and decellularized nerve matrix.
In vitro assessment of DNNA's gelation, adhesion strength, and axonal outgrowth promotion.
In vivo evaluation of DNNA's efficacy in a rat sciatic nerve transection model, comparing it to suture and fibrin glue treatments.

Main Results:

DNNA demonstrated controllable gelation, robust adhesion, and promoted axonal outgrowth in vitro.
In vivo, DNNA significantly reduced fibrosis and accelerated debris clearance at 10 days post-surgery.
At 10 weeks, DNNA treatment led to decreased inflammation and fibrosis, enhanced axon connection and remyelination, and improved motor/sensory function and muscle contraction compared to controls.

Conclusions:

The developed dual-network hydrogel nerve adhesive (DNNA) offers a promising treatment for peripheral nerve transection.
DNNA facilitates nerve repair and neuromuscular function recovery through robust adhesion and bioactive properties, outperforming traditional methods.