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Apoptotic activity of Newcastle disease virus in comparison with nisin A in MDA-MB-231 cell line
Gholam Abbas Ghorbankhani1, Ali Mohammadi1, Nasrin Kazemipur2
1Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Abstract:
Given the development of drug-resistant cancer cells, designing alternative approaches for cancer treatment seems essential. In this study, we evaluated the anti-tumor effects of nisin A and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) on triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cell line. The MDA-MB-231 cell line was separately and in combination subjected to the different concentrations of a Vero-adapted NDV (JF820294.1) and nisin A. The oncolytic effects of these treatments were analyzed by different cytotoxic and apoptosis techniques including trypan blue staining, MTT assay, acridine orange (EB/AO) staining, colony assay and flow cytometry over time. Nisin A at doses of more than 20.00 μg mL-1 could represent the anti-viral effects and interfere with the oncolytic activity of NDV. Moreover, the analyses indicated that the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic features of combination therapy were stronger than those of individual NDV groups. However, the most apoptotic effect was seen in NDV experimental groups. Taken together, the results from cytotoxicity tests, flow cytometry and colony assay showed that either of the oncolytic agents had significant effects at low concentrations 72 hr post-treatment. Thereby, they had the potential to be used as new approaches in cancer treatment.
Insights
Nisin A and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) show potential as novel cancer treatments. Combination therapy enhanced anti-proliferative effects, while NDV alone maximized apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Virology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Drug-resistant cancers necessitate novel therapeutic strategies.
- Newcastle disease virus (NDV) exhibits oncolytic potential.
- Nisin A, an antimicrobial peptide, is explored for anti-cancer applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the anti-tumor effects of nisin A and NDV, individually and in combination, against the triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cell line.
- To investigate the interplay between nisin A and NDV in cancer treatment.
- To assess the potential of these agents as alternative cancer therapies.
Main Methods:
- MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with varying concentrations of NDV and nisin A, separately and combined.
- Oncolytic effects were assessed using trypan blue staining, MTT assay, EB/AO staining, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry.
- Viral interference by nisin A was analyzed.
Main Results:
- Nisin A at concentrations >20.00 μg mL⁻¹ exhibited anti-viral properties, potentially interfering with NDV's oncolytic activity.
- Combination therapy demonstrated enhanced anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects compared to NDV alone.
- NDV treatment resulted in the highest apoptotic effect.
- Both agents showed significant effects at low concentrations 72 hours post-treatment.
Conclusions:
- Nisin A and NDV show promise as standalone or combination therapies for triple-negative breast cancer.
- The combination of nisin A and NDV warrants further investigation for synergistic anti-cancer effects.
- These agents represent potential novel approaches for overcoming drug resistance in cancer treatment.
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