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The analysis of Fe-dependent serum enzymes in severe COVID-19 with a pulmonary thrombotic event

Jarosław Bakiera1, Cezary Grochowski2, Karolina Strzelec-Pawełczak3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Coagulation and Microbiology, Stefan Wyszyński Regional Specialist Hospital, Lublin, Poland.

Central-European Journal of Immunology
|February 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Critical COVID-19 patients with pulmonary embolism showed elevated ferritin levels, regardless of lung tissue involvement. This finding may help predict disease severity and guide treatment for thromboembolic complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Critical Care
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU are at higher risk for thromboembolic events, particularly pulmonary embolism.
  • Accurate diagnosis and management of severe COVID-19 complications remain challenging.
  • Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening complication reported in numerous COVID-19 cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze serum enzyme levels in COVID-19 patients with radiologically confirmed pulmonary thrombotic events.
  • To assess the relationship between selected laboratory parameters and pulmonary embolism occurrence in COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify potential predictive factors for COVID-19 disease course based on laboratory markers.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 226 COVID-19 patients, including those with confirmed pulmonary embolism.
  • Patients were stratified based on the degree of lung tissue involvement assessed via CT scan.
  • Analysis of serum enzyme levels, including ferritin, D-dimer, CRP, and hemoglobin.

Main Results:

  • Patients with < 50% lung volume changes exhibited higher parameter values, except for red blood cells (RBC).
  • Significantly higher ferritin levels were observed in patients with lung tissue involvement (p = 0.000008).
  • Elevated ferritin levels were present in all patients with lung tissue involvement.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated ferritin levels are associated with lung tissue involvement in COVID-19 patients.
  • Inflammatory and thrombotic markers (ferritin, D-dimer, CRP, hemoglobin) did not correlate with the extent of lung tissue damage on CT scans.
  • Further research is needed to establish predisposing conditions and predictive value of these markers for pulmonary embolism in COVID-19.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19cytokine stormpulmonary embolism

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