Clinical study on prevention of atopic dermatitis by oral administration of probiotics in infants
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Jia-Huan He1, Xin-Guo Zhao2, Feng Sun2
1Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Insights
Oral probiotics significantly reduced the incidence and severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants. This intervention supported a balanced gut microbiome, lowering immune markers like IgE and IL-4.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin condition in infants.
- Early life factors, including gut microbiome composition, may influence AD development.
- Preventive strategies are crucial for managing AD incidence and severity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the preventive effects of oral probiotics on infant atopic dermatitis.
- To assess the impact of probiotics on AD incidence, severity, and immune markers.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled study involving 396 full-term infants.
- Three groups: no probiotics (Group A, no family history), breastfeeding only (Group B), and breastfeeding plus probiotics (Group C).
- Follow-up for AD incidence and severity (SCORAD scores) up to 3 years; serum IgE and IL-4 measured at 3 years.
Main Results:
- Group B (breastfeeding only) showed higher AD incidence and severity compared to Group A (no family history).
- Group C (probiotics + breastfeeding) had lower AD incidence and SCORAD scores than Group B.
- Serum IgE and IL-4 levels were elevated in Group B compared to Groups A and C at 36 months.
Conclusions:
- Oral probiotics administration in infancy may prevent atopic dermatitis.
- Probiotics promote a balanced neonatal gut microbiome, reducing AD risk and severity.
- This intervention can decrease serum immune markers associated with AD.
Introduction:
This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of oral administration of probiotics on the incidence and severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants.
Material And Methods:
A total of 396 full-term infants were enrolled in this study. Of these, 132 newborns without a family history of AD were assigned to group A, and the other 264 newborns were randomly divided into groups B and C. Infants in groups A and B were solely breastfed, while probiotics were administered to those in group C as well as breastfeeding. The information of all subjects was recorded, and the incidence of AD was followed up. The levels of serum IgE and IL-4 were measured at the age of 3 years.
Results:
The incidence of AD in infants in group B was higher than that in group A at 3 months, 4-6 months, and 7-36 months after birth, together with increased symptom scores. For infants in group C, the incidence of AD at 4-6 months and 7-36 months after birth and the SCORAD scores at 0-3 months and 4-6 months after birth were lower than those in group B. The levels of IgE and IL-4 in group B were higher than those in groups A and C at 36 months old.
Conclusions:
Adding probiotics could favor the establishment of the intestinal microecological balance in the neonatal period, thereby reducing the incidence of AD, decreasing the levels of serum immune indexes and alleviating the severity of the disease.
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