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Risk perception of COVID-19 and its related factors among centralized medical isolation groups in China
1School of Public Policy & Management and School of Emergency Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China.
Objective:
Medical isolation is one of the most effective measures to slow the spread of the virus when dealing with a pandemic. Millions of people in China have undergone centralized medical isolation (CMI) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to assess the centralized medical isolation group's COVID-19 risk perception and to explore the influencing factors.
Methods:
A total of 400 participants (200 who had experienced CMI and 200 who had not experienced) completed a questionnaire related to COVID-19 risk perceptions. The questionnaire was designed with the Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory (CEST) and the Common Sense Model of Risk Perception (CSM). It adopted nine questions to measure risk perception in terms of Emotional feelings, Cognitive judgment, and Mental representation of unusual severity. Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted with SPSS 26.0 software.
Results:
The mean risk perception score for the CMI group was 30.75, with a standard deviation of 7.503, which was significantly higher than that in the non-centralized medical isolation (NCMI) group (risk perception score was 28.2, and the standard deviation was 7.129). The results show that risk perceptions were higher for older age, risk perceptions were higher for higher education, risk perceptions were higher for those who had received the COVID-19 vaccination, and risk perceptions were higher for those who lived in a family with children.
Conclusion:
Risk perception is significantly higher in CMI groups than in NCMI groups. The government should draw more care to the risk perception and psychological wellbeing of the CMI group and provide extra support and assistance to the elderly and those raising younger children. In dealing with future pandemics like the COVID-19 outbreak, the government should actively guide the public to properly isolate at home and cautiously implement a CMI policy.
Insights
Centralized medical isolation (CMI) during COVID-19 significantly increased people's risk perception compared to non-isolation. Older individuals, those with higher education, vaccinated persons, and those with children reported higher risk perceptions.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Psychology
Background:
- Centralized medical isolation (CMI) was a key strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic to curb viral spread.
- Millions in China experienced CMI, necessitating an understanding of its psychological impact.
- Assessing COVID-19 risk perception among those who underwent CMI is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the COVID-19 risk perception in individuals who experienced centralized medical isolation (CMI).
- To identify factors influencing risk perception among CMI participants.
- To compare risk perception between CMI and non-CMI groups.
Main Methods:
- A questionnaire survey was administered to 400 participants (200 CMI, 200 non-CMI).
- The survey utilized the Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory (CEST) and Common Sense Model of Risk Perception (CSM).
- Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple linear regression using SPSS 26.0.
Main Results:
- The CMI group exhibited significantly higher mean risk perception scores (30.75) than the non-centralized medical isolation (NCMI) group (28.2).
- Higher risk perceptions were associated with older age, higher education levels, COVID-19 vaccination, and living with children.
- Factors influencing risk perception included emotional feelings, cognitive judgment, and mental representation of severity.
Conclusions:
- Centralized medical isolation is linked to heightened COVID-19 risk perception.
- The government should prioritize psychological well-being and support for CMI groups, particularly the elderly and families with young children.
- Future pandemic policies should balance isolation measures with public guidance and support.
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