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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

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Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Development of Simplified CRISPR-Based Tests for Rapid Detection of Infectious Diseases
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Author Spotlight: Development of Simplified CRISPR-Based Tests for Rapid Detection of Infectious Diseases

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CRISPR-based nucleic acid diagnostics for pathogens.

Hao Yang1,2, Yong Zhang1, Xucong Teng2

  • 1College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.

Trends in Analytical Chemistry : TRAC
|February 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR/Cas systems offer powerful tools for rapid, sensitive pathogen detection, including viral variants and drug-resistant bacteria. Emerging CRISPR technologies promise advanced, preamplification-free diagnostics for resource-limited settings.

Keywords:
CRISPR CascadeCraspaseDrug resistanceFungal infectionSARS-CoV-2 variants

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
  • Infectious Disease Diagnostics
  • Bioengineering

Background:

  • Pathogenic infections pose a significant global health threat, exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The need for rapid, sensitive, and multiplexed diagnostic tools is critical, especially for point-of-care applications in resource-constrained environments.
  • CRISPR/Cas systems have emerged as a versatile platform for nucleic acid-based pathogen detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and describe Class 1 and Class 2 CRISPR/Cas systems for nucleic acid diagnostics.
  • To highlight the application of engineered CRISPR-based diagnostics for detecting various pathogens, including viral variants and drug-resistant bacteria.
  • To discuss challenges and emerging solutions for on-site pathogenic diagnostic assays.

Main Methods:

  • Review of Class 1 (multisubunit effector complexes) and Class 2 (single, multidomain effector) CRISPR tools.
  • Presentation of diverse engineered nucleic acid diagnostics utilizing CRISPR/Cas systems.
  • Analysis of CRISPR-based mutation profiling for variant and drug-resistance detection.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas systems provide a powerful framework for developing sensitive and specific nucleic acid tests for pathogens.
  • Engineered CRISPR diagnostics enable the detection of diverse pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi.
  • CRISPR-based mutation profiling facilitates the identification of viral variants and drug-resistant bacterial strains.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas systems are highly promising for developing advanced pathogenic diagnostic tools.
  • Emerging CRISPR systems and CRISPR cascades offer potential for multiplexed and preamplification-free diagnostics.
  • Further development is needed to overcome challenges for widespread on-site diagnostic assay implementation.