The Effect of Digital Three-Dimensional Reality Models on Patient Counseling for Renal Masses

Patient counseling for treatment of renal masses is complex. It can be difficult for patients to understand their disease and make treatment decisions when being shown standard black-and-white, two-dimensional computed tomography scans or magnetic resonance images. In a telehealth setting, the patient-physician interaction can be even more challenging. We sought to determine the impact of using digital three-dimensional (3D) models during consultation visits for patients with renal masses.

Forty-seven patients participating in a consultation visit for renal masses, both in-person and virtual, were shown a digital 3D model comprised of their kidney, renal mass, and key adjacent structures as part of their counseling. Patients then completed a five-question survey to assess the impact of the 3D model on their visit, with a sixth question administered to telehealth patients.

Thirty-five patients undergoing telehealth visits and 12 patients seen in-person were shown the digital 3D model and surveyed. Survey results were universally positive, with all Likert scores > 4.7 (1 - 5 scale). There were no differences between the telehealth and in-person groups. Patients noted the digital 3D model made telehealth visits as effective as in-person visits (average Likert score 4.94).

Counseling for patients with renal masses can be augmented with patient-specific digital 3D models, leading to increased provider loyalty, lower levels of patient anxiety, and better understanding and shared decision making.