Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Entropy-mediated solidification stabilizes and enhances energetic release in amorphous energetic materials.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Rapid Heat- and Light-Responsive Shape Memory Polymer with High Strain as Remote Light-Controlled Actuators Fabricated Via Gamma Radiation.

ACS macro letters·2025

Same author

Highly porous metal-organic framework glass design and application for gas separation membranes.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Performance Enhancement of Silicone Rubber Using Superhydrophobic Silica Aerogel with Robust Nanonetwork Structure and Outstanding Interfacial Effect.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2024

Same author

Temperature-dependent decomposition of the CL-20/MTNP cocrystal after phase separation.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2024

Same author

The unusual effect of paraffin wax on the thermal decomposition of cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine.

RSC advances·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Published on: April 2, 2015

Nano-Voids in Ultrafine Explosive Particles: Characterization and Effects on Thermal Stability.

Jiangtao Xing^1,2, Haobin Zhang¹, Liangfei Bai³

¹Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|February 23, 2023

Summary

Ultrafine explosives, like LLM-105 and HNS, have internal nano-voids crucial for performance. This study experimentally measures these nano-voids, revealing their structure and improving thermal stability through defect engineering.

More Related Videos

Nanothermite with Meringue-like Morphology: From Loose Powder to Ultra-porous Objects

Nanothermite with Meringue-like Morphology: From Loose Powder to Ultra-porous Objects

Published on: December 24, 2017

$Characterization of Ultra-fine Grained and Nanocrystalline Materials Using Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction$

Characterization of Ultra-fine Grained and Nanocrystalline Materials Using Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction

Published on: April 1, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Published on: April 2, 2015

Nanothermite with Meringue-like Morphology: From Loose Powder to Ultra-porous Objects

Nanothermite with Meringue-like Morphology: From Loose Powder to Ultra-porous Objects

Published on: December 24, 2017

$Characterization of Ultra-fine Grained and Nanocrystalline Materials Using Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction$

Characterization of Ultra-fine Grained and Nanocrystalline Materials Using Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction

Published on: April 1, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Ultrafine explosives offer enhanced safety and reliability, widely used in critical applications.
Internal void defects are simulated to significantly influence explosive performance.
Experimental investigation of nano-void structures in ultrafine explosives remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally characterize internal nano-void structures in ultrafine explosives.
To establish a reliable method for studying nano-void defects in organic particles.
To explore the impact of nano-void structures on the thermal stability of explosives.

Main Methods:

Contrast-variation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was employed for nano-void structure analysis.
The methodology was applied to ultrafine 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) and 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitro diphenylethylene (HNS).
Nano-void size and number density were estimated within individual particles.

Main Results:

Nano-voids with an average size of approximately 10 nm were detected in LLM-105 and HNS particles.
A significant number of nano-voids were estimated per particle.
Modification of nano-void structures led to improved thermal stability in ultrafine LLM-105.

Conclusions:

Contrast-variation SAXS is a viable technique for characterizing nano-voids in ultrafine organic materials.
Understanding and engineering nano-void defects can enhance the performance and stability of ultrafine explosives.
This research provides a foundation for defect engineering in advanced energetic materials.