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Colloidal precipitates

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Electrochemical Roughening of Thin-Film Platinum Macro and Microelectrodes

Electrochemical Roughening of Thin-Film Platinum Macro and Microelectrodes

Published on: June 30, 2019

Non-Random Island Nucleation in the Electrochemical Roughening on Pt(111).

Marcel J Rost¹, Leon Jacobse², Marc T M Koper³

¹Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|February 23, 2023

Summary

Researchers uncovered a non-random nucleation mechanism for platinum nano-islands, crucial for understanding fuel cell degradation. This discovery reveals how special sites form, paving the way to prevent platinum dissolution and enhance device longevity.

Keywords:

Electrochemistry Non-Random Nucleation Oxidation-Reduction Cycles Place Exchange Platinum

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Last Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Electrochemical Roughening of Thin-Film Platinum Macro and Microelectrodes

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Published on: June 30, 2019

On the Preparation and Testing of Fuel Cell Catalysts Using the Thin Film Rotating Disk Electrode Method

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Published on: April 10, 2019

Area of Science:

Surface Science
Electrochemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Platinum is vital for electrochemical energy devices but suffers from degradation via nano-island formation during operation.
Understanding the atomic mechanisms of nano-island nucleation is critical for preventing platinum dissolution and improving device lifespan.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the atomic-level mechanism of platinum nano-island nucleation during oxidation-reduction cycles.
To identify the factors driving non-random nucleation and the formation of preferential nucleation sites.

Main Methods:

Analysis of nuclei-distance distribution to map atomic-scale processes.
In-situ or ex-situ surface characterization techniques (details not specified in abstract).

Main Results:

Observed a rarely seen, non-random nucleation process for platinum nano-islands.
Identified the development of special, preferential nucleation sites through a precursor mechanism.
Revealed the formation of a semi-ordered platinum-oxide structure at these sites.

Conclusions:

The study reveals a novel, non-random atomic mechanism underlying platinum nano-island nucleation.
A precursor-mediated formation of preferential nucleation sites is key to understanding platinum degradation.
This mechanism may be generalizable to other surface systems and reactions, offering broad implications for materials stability.