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Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma

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Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies

Published on: August 25, 2018

E-cigarettes and asthma in adolescents.

Folashade Afolabi^1,2,3, Devika R Rao^1,2,3

¹Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology

|February 23, 2023

Summary

Adolescents with asthma are more prone to e-cigarette use and asthma exacerbations. This review highlights recent data on e-cigarette effects on teen asthma, including pulmonary inflammation and cytotoxicity.

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Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

Published on: May 24, 2017

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Adolescent Medicine
Toxicology

Background:

E-cigarettes are marketed for harm reduction but aggressively expanded to adolescents.
Adolescent e-cigarette use has increased, even among those with asthma, leading to more exacerbations.
Limited research exists on the pulmonary effects of e-cigarettes in adolescents with asthma.

Approach:

Reviewing recent studies on e-cigarette use trends in adolescents.
Examining cytotoxicity data of e-cigarette aerosol.
Analyzing associations between e-cigarette use and asthma diagnosis/symptoms.

Key Points:

Adolescents with asthma are more likely to use e-cigarettes and experience asthma exacerbations.
E-cigarette use is linked to increased pulmonary inflammatory cytokines in users and animal models.
Healthcare providers lack confidence in screening and counseling adolescent e-cigarette use despite its prevalence.

Conclusions:

E-cigarette use poses significant pulmonary risks to adolescents, particularly those with asthma.
Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects and develop effective interventions.
Addressing knowledge gaps and promoting e-cigarette cessation are crucial for protecting adolescent respiratory health.