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The effectiveness of a mobile application-based programme for rehabilitation after total hip or knee arthroplasty: A
Qingling Wang1, Sharyn Hunter2, Regina Lai-Tong Lee3
1School of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Background:
Total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty are widely performed worldwide. Patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty are often discharged after a short hospital stay. Using information and communication technologies, such as mobile applications, to provide rehabilitation services remotely may be a strategy to support patients' postoperative recovery.
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation programme delivered via a mobile application among Chinese patients after total hip or knee arthroplasty.
Design:
Randomised controlled trial.
Setting:
A teaching hospital in Shanghai, China.
Participants:
Eighty-six patients who received a unilateral primary total hip or knee arthroplasty.
Methods:
The participants were recruited in the hospital and randomised into either the experimental or control group. Once discharged from the hospital, the control group (n = 43) received usual care, and the experimental group (n = 43) received usual care plus a 6-week mobile rehabilitation programme. Outcomes were assessed three times: the day before hospital discharge and 6 and 10 weeks after discharge. Primary outcomes were the changes in scores of self-efficacy and patient-reported physical function from baseline to 6 weeks post-discharge. Secondary outcomes included changes in scores of pain, depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life. Data were analysed using generalised estimating equations.
Results:
At 6 weeks after hospital discharge, the experimental group showed statistically significant improvements compared to the control in scores of self-efficacy (adjusted mean difference = 0.72, 95% CI 0.31 to 1.14, P < .001) and patient-reported physical function (adjusted mean difference = 4.57, 95% CI 1.24 to 7.90, P = .007). The between-group difference in self-efficacy probably reached clinical significance. At week-10 follow-up, the experimental group had statistically significant improvements in scores of self-efficacy (adjusted mean difference = 0.64, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.95, P < .001), health-related quality of life (adjusted mean difference = 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.10, P = .018), anxiety (adjusted mean difference = -0.51, 95% CI -0.91 to -0.10, P = .015), and depression (adjusted mean difference = -0.37, 95% CI -0.66 to -0.08, P = .012). The between-group difference in self-efficacy and health-related quality of life may be clinically significant.
Conclusion:
Mobile application-based rehabilitation demonstrated potentially positive effects on patients' self-efficacy, patient-reported physical function, health-related quality of life, and levels of anxiety and depression.
Trial Registration:
Registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry on 6 July 2021 (ACTRN12621000867897).
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