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Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.

Tonsillitis II: Management

Tonsillitis II: Management

This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.

Acute Pharyngitis

Acute Pharyngitis

Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1

Published on: April 8, 2009

Acute Tonsillitis Due To Monkeypox.

Lucy Studemeister¹, Sushma Pai², Kristin Walsh³

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

|February 23, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The 2022 human mpox outbreak presents unique symptoms. Emergency physicians should consider mpox in patients with sore throat to prevent missed diagnoses and complications.

Keywords:

Acute tonsillitis Airway obstruction Peritonsillar abscess Tecovirimat mpox

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Last Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1

Published on: April 8, 2009

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 2

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 2

Published on: April 10, 2009

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 3

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 3

Published on: April 13, 2009

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Virology
Public Health

Background:

The 2022 human mpox virus (hMPXV) outbreak presented with atypical clinical manifestations, challenging existing diagnostic criteria.
Mpox diagnosis and management require updated awareness, particularly in emergency department settings.

Observation:

A case of a 42-year-old transgender woman with controlled HIV on antiretroviral therapy presented with a sore throat.
The patient experienced multiple emergency department visits before a diagnosis of acute tonsillitis due to mpox was established.
Airway obstruction was a significant complication secondary to the mpox infection.

Findings:

Mpox can manifest as severe tonsillitis leading to airway compromise.
Early recognition of mpox is crucial, even with common presenting symptoms like sore throat.
The differential diagnosis for pharyngitis must include mpox in the context of the current outbreak.

Implications:

Emergency physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for mpox in patients presenting with pharyngitis.
Timely diagnosis of mpox can prevent severe complications such as airway obstruction.
This case highlights the need for broader clinical awareness of mpox's diverse presentations.