Patient's learning needs and self-efficacy level after percutaneous coronary intervention: A descriptive study

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Patient Education
• Health Psychology

Background:

• High incidence of recurrent ischemic cardiovascular events post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
• Low patient adherence to therapeutic regimens is a significant barrier to preventing recurrence.
• Therapeutic patient education (TPE) effectiveness is enhanced by considering patient learning needs and self-efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify and compare learning needs and self-efficacy levels in cardiac patients (coronary heart disease) after PCI.
• To examine the association between learning needs and self-efficacy in both inpatients and outpatients.
• To inform the development of tailored TPE strategies for improved patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study involving 93 inpatients and outpatients of a cardiac care unit who underwent PCI.
• Assessment of learning needs using the Cardiac Patient Learning Needs Inventory (CPLNI).
• Evaluation of self-efficacy using the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale.
• Reporting adherence to the STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies.

Main Results:

• Inpatients reported significantly higher learning needs (CPLNI score: 4.23) compared to outpatients (3.67).
• The primary learning need for both groups was 'anatomy and physiology' of the heart.
• No significant differences in self-efficacy levels were observed between inpatient and outpatient groups.

Conclusions:

• Cardiac patients post-PCI exhibit substantial learning needs and moderate self-efficacy, necessitating targeted interventions.
• Individual assessment of learning needs and self-efficacy is vital before and after PCI.
• Tailored TPE, considering individual patient factors, is recommended to reduce recurrent cardiovascular events, with nurses playing a pivotal role.