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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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The stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions is strongly influenced by the orbital symmetry of the polyene HOMO. Under thermal conditions, the reaction proceeds via the ground-state HOMO.
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Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
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Bioinspired Oxidation-Resistant Catechol-like Sliding Ring Polyrotaxane Hydrogels.

M Isabel Rial-Hermida1, Dora C S Costa1, Lan Jiang2

  • 1CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New polyrotaxane (PR) hydrogels functionalized with hydroxypyridinone (HOPO) offer improved, oxidation-resistant properties. These adaptable biomaterials form via metal coordination, showing promise for tissue defect applications.

Keywords:
hydroxypyridinonenon-covalent boundingoxidation-resistantpolyrotaxanessliding-ring hydrogels

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Adaptable hydrogels are crucial for addressing tissue defects in biomedical applications.
  • Traditional catechol-based hydrogels face limitations due to oxidation and irreversible crosslinking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel, oxidation-resistant hydrogels using functionalized polyrotaxane (PR) polymers.
  • To explore the potential of hydroxypyridinone (HOPO) moieties for creating stable, adaptable hydrogels.

Main Methods:

  • Polyrotaxane polymers were functionalized with hydroxypyridinone (HOPO) moieties.
  • Hydrogels were formed via supramolecular assembly upon contact with Fe(III) solution at physiological pH.
  • Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • The HOPO-functionalized PR polymers formed hydrogels with excellent oxidative resistance, preventing quinone formation.
  • Hydrogel formation relied on metallic coordination crosslinking, enhanced by PR sliding-ring synergy and reversible HOPO interactions.
  • The resulting hydrogels exhibited improved mechanical behavior and were cytocompatible.

Conclusions:

  • Innovative, cytocompatible, and oxidation-resistant hydrogels were successfully developed using HOPO-functionalized PR.
  • These hydrogels offer reversible crosslinking and improved mechanical properties, suitable for biomedical applications.
  • The adaptable nature of these hydrogels makes them promising for use as structural self-materials.