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Zoonotic fungus Arthroderma multifidum causing chronic pulmonary infection

Qi Chen1, Qing Yang2, Hangfei Chen1

  • 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|February 24, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study reports the first human infection by Arthroderma multifidum fungus in an immunocompromised patient with occupational exposure. Findings highlight risks for zoonotic fungal infections in susceptible individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Genomic Epidemiology

Background:

  • Fungal infections can pose significant health risks, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Arthroderma multifidum is a fungus not previously reported to infect humans.

Observation:

  • A 63-year-old male patient presented with a rare Arthroderma multifidum infection.
  • Risk factors included occupational exposure, immunosuppression, and prior lung surgery (pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumothorax).
  • The fungus was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and confirmed via gene sequencing.

Findings:

  • This is the first documented case of human infection by Arthroderma multifidum.
  • Whole genome sequencing was performed to characterize the pathogen's genome.
  • The study identified a combination of immunosuppression and environmental exposure as conducive to zoonotic fungal infections.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider zoonotic fungal infections in patients with relevant risk factors.
  • Genomic characterization aids in understanding fungal pathogen evolution and transmission.
  • This case underscores the importance of environmental surveillance for potential human pathogens.
Keywords:
Arthroderma multifidumCommunity-acquired pneumoniaGenome annotationGenome sequencingZoonoses

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