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Development of Human Lateral Prefrontal Sulcal Morphology and Its Relation to Reasoning Performance
Ethan H Willbrand1,2, Emilio Ferrer1,3, Silvia A Bunge4,2
1Department of Psychology.
Summary
Brain sulci morphology changes during development. Longitudinal changes in cortical thickness of specific lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) sulci predict reasoning performance in children and adolescents.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Cerebral cortex sulci (folds) morphology changes during postnatal development.
- Previous studies often overlooked the link between individual sulcal morphology and cognitive development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) sulcal morphology and cognitive development in individuals.
- To analyze both cross-sectional and longitudinal morphologic and behavioral data from participants aged 6 to 36 years.
Main Methods:
- Utilized cross-sectional neuroimaging data from 108 participants (6-36 years) and longitudinal data from 44 participants (6-18 years).
- Manually defined thousands of LPFC sulci to assess depth, surface area, and gray matter thickness.
- Employed a data-driven approach to correlate morphologic changes with cognitive performance.
Main Results:
- LPFC sulcal morphology differed between children/adolescents and young adults cross-sectionally.
- Cortical thickness showed developmental differences across childhood and adolescence, with longitudinal changes observed.
- Longitudinal changes in the cortical thickness of four left-hemisphere LPFC sulci predicted changes in reasoning ability.
Conclusions:
- Longitudinal cortical changes within specific LPFC sulci are behaviorally meaningful and linked to cognitive development.
- Findings suggest sulci may flatten later in development or over longer periods than previously thought.
- Identifies targeted cortical structures for future research on cognitive ability development.
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