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Mesenchymal stem cell-released oncolytic virus: an innovative strategy for cancer treatment

Nadia Ghasemi Darestani1, Anna I Gilmanova2, Moaed E Al-Gazally3

  • 1Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS
|February 24, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively destroy tumor cells and can be enhanced with immunotherapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise as delivery vehicles for OV cancer therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy
  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Stem cell biology

Background:

  • Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively target and eliminate tumor cells while sparing normal tissues.
  • OVs possess unique properties, including inducing immunogenic cell death and carrying therapeutic transgenes, making them valuable for cancer treatment.
  • OVs can stimulate both innate and adaptive immune responses and modify the tumor microenvironment to enhance anti-tumor immunity.

Discussion:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being investigated for their potential in treating various cancers.
  • MSCs possess tumor-homing capabilities, enabling them to serve as effective delivery systems for targeted cancer therapies.
  • This review examines preclinical and clinical research on utilizing MSC-released OVs for novel cancer treatment strategies.

Key Insights:

  • OVs offer a targeted approach to cancer treatment by selectively infecting and lysing tumor cells.
  • The combination of OVs with immunotherapy holds significant promise for improving cancer treatment outcomes.
  • MSCs can be engineered as delivery vehicles to enhance the efficacy and targeting of OV-based cancer therapies.

Outlook:

  • Further research into MSC-OV combinations could lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for challenging cancers.
  • Clinical translation of MSC-delivered OVs may offer new hope for patients with isolated tumors and metastatic disease.
  • Optimizing MSC-mediated delivery systems will be crucial for maximizing the therapeutic potential of oncolytic virotherapy.
Keywords:
Cancer treatmentCellular carriersMesenchymal stem cellOncolytic virotherapyOncolytic virus

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