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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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Phase II biotransformations are detoxification mechanisms that conjugate xenobiotics with endogenous substances, neutralizing their toxicity.
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Correction: Coulter et al. OrgTRx: A Platform Developed in Queensland for the Extraction and Visualisation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Data for the Surveillance of Resistance in Microorganisms. <i>Antibiotics</i> 2026, <i>15</i>, 63.

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Disulfiram-Mitigating Unintended Effects.

Martha M Grout1, Kenneth B Mitchell2

  • 1Arizona Center for Advanced Medicine, Scottsdale, AZ 85258, USA.

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|February 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Disulfiram (DSM) shows promise for treating chronic Lyme disease by killing the bacteria. However, physicians must be aware of potential side effects unrelated to alcohol when prescribing this drug.

Keywords:
Borrelia burgdorferi treatmentLyme disease treatmentdisulfiram toxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Lyme disease, a tick-borne illness, can cause severe, disseminated symptoms if not treated early.
  • Conventional antibiotics may be ineffective against chronic Lyme disease.
  • Disulfiram (DSM), an established drug, has emerged as a potential treatment for Lyme disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on disulfiram (DSM) for Lyme disease treatment.
  • To identify potential benefits and risks associated with using DSM for chronic Lyme disease.
  • To provide guidance for clinicians on managing DSM-related side effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar.
  • Keywords used: Lyme Disease, Borrelia burgdorferi treatment, disulfiram toxicity.
  • Review of published case reports and research on DSM's efficacy and safety.

Main Results:

  • Disulfiram (DSM) demonstrates bactericidal properties against spirochetes, including Borrelia burgdorferi.
  • Case reports suggest potential recovery from chronic Lyme disease with DSM treatment.
  • Predictable and avoidable side effects of DSM were observed, independent of alcohol consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Disulfiram (DSM) is a potential therapeutic option for chronic Lyme disease.
  • Careful patient monitoring is crucial to manage DSM-related side effects.
  • Further research is needed to optimize DSM use and mitigate risks in Lyme disease treatment.