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SGLT2 Inhibitors in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease

Manuel Alfredo Podestà1,2, Gianmarco Sabiu2,3, Andrea Galassi1

  • 1Renal Division, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20154 Milano, Italy.

Biomedicines
|February 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors offer significant benefits beyond blood sugar control for type 2 diabetes patients. These drugs also protect against cardiovascular events and slow chronic kidney disease progression, even in non-diabetic individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent a significant advancement in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Recent trials highlight their multifaceted benefits, extending beyond glycemic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular events and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  • To explore the nephroprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in non-diabetic individuals with proteinuria.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of results from recent randomized controlled trials involving SGLT2 inhibitors.
  • Comparative assessment of SGLT2 inhibitors against established treatments like renin-angiotensin system inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrate significant cardiovascular protection and reduce CKD progression in type 2 diabetes patients.
  • These agents also slow CKD progression in non-diabetic individuals, suggesting a role independent of diabetes.
  • The nephroprotective effects are substantial, positioning SGLT2 inhibitors as a key therapeutic class for diabetic kidney disease.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors have revolutionized type 2 diabetes treatment by offering cardiorenal protection.
  • Their efficacy in non-diabetic CKD patients indicates a broader therapeutic potential.
  • Further research is needed to ascertain benefits in lower-risk CKD populations and combination therapies.
Keywords:
canagliflozindapagliflozinempagliflozinertugliflozinproteinuriarenal failuresotagliflozin

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