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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

2.0K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
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GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

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Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
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cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

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Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Measuring the Rate of Lipolysis in Ex Vivo Murine Adipose Tissue and Primary Preadipocytes Differentiated In Vitro
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Measuring the Rate of Lipolysis in Ex Vivo Murine Adipose Tissue and Primary Preadipocytes Differentiated In Vitro

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GPCR in Adipose Tissue Function-Focus on Lipolysis.

Davide Malfacini1,2, Alexander Pfeifer1

  • 1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.

Biomedicines
|February 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

White and brown adipose tissues (WAT and BAT) play key roles in energy storage and thermogenesis. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate these processes and represent promising targets for novel anti-obesity therapies.

Keywords:
Adipose tissueBATG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)WATlipolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic research
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Adipose tissue comprises white (WAT) and brown (BAT) subtypes, differing in energy storage and thermogenesis.
  • Dysregulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue contributes to obesity, inflammation, and associated diseases like insulin resistance.
  • G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial upstream regulators of lipogenesis and lipolysis, impacting metabolic homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of various GPCRs and their ligands in regulating adipose tissue function.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting GPCRs for obesity treatment.
  • To synthesize findings from in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies on GPCRs in adipose tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on GPCRs in adipose tissue.
  • Analysis of studies employing pharmacological and genetic approaches.
  • Examination of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental data.

Main Results:

  • GPCRs critically control the balance between lipogenesis and lipolysis in adipose tissue.
  • Specific GPCRs and their ligands influence energy expenditure and thermogenesis.
  • Targeting GPCRs offers a promising strategy for developing anti-obesity therapies.

Conclusions:

  • GPCRs are central regulators of adipose tissue metabolism and energy balance.
  • Modulating GPCR activity presents a viable therapeutic avenue for combating obesity.
  • Further research into novel GPCRs and ligands can advance anti-obesity strategies.