Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease Diagnosis.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Nanobiosensors are advanced diagnostic tools utilizing nanoscale probes and detection technologies.
• They offer superior sensitivity, selectivity, and speed compared to traditional methods for early disease detection.
• Their miniaturization enables convenient on-site monitoring for various health conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the application of two-dimensional (2D) materials in constructing nanobiosensors.
• To highlight the use of these materials for the early diagnosis of infectious and fatal diseases.
• To summarize the advantages of nanobiosensors in modern healthcare.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on nanobiosensor applications.
• Focus on two-dimensional materials like graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), graphene oxide, black phosphorous, and MXenes.
• Discussion of various nanobiosensor types (electrochemical, optical) and nanostructures.

Main Results:

• 2D materials significantly enhance nanobiosensor performance and efficiency.
• Specific 2D materials are effective for constructing sensitive platforms for disease detection.
• Nanobiosensors facilitate early diagnosis of diseases like dengue, hepatitis, and cancer.

Conclusions:

• Two-dimensional materials are crucial for developing next-generation nanobiosensors.
• Nanobiosensors show great promise for early and accurate disease diagnosis.
• Continued research in this area can lead to improved global health outcomes.