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Measurement-Based Quantum Thermal Machines with Feedback Control.

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Coupled-qubit thermal machines enhanced by quantum measurements and feedback show improved performance. Simultaneous qubit measurements boost heat extraction, and tailored measurements enhance refrigerator cooling power.

Keywords:
Maxwell’s demoncontinuous quantum measurementdiscrete quantum measurementquantum feedbackrefrigerator

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum thermodynamics
  • Quantum information science
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Quantum thermal machines offer novel ways to harness quantum phenomena for energy conversion.
  • Coupled qubits represent a fundamental system for exploring quantum effects in thermodynamics.
  • Quantum measurement and feedback are crucial for controlling and optimizing quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the performance of coupled-qubit-based thermal machines.
  • To explore the role of quantum measurements and feedback in enhancing machine efficiency.
  • To analyze two distinct configurations: a quantum Maxwell's demon and a measurement-assisted refrigerator.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of coupled-qubit systems interacting with thermal baths.
  • Analysis of discrete and continuous quantum measurement strategies.
  • Implementation of feedback control and unitary operations (e.g., swap operations).

Main Results:

  • Coupling a single qubit to a second qubit enhances power output in thermal machines.
  • Simultaneous measurement of both qubits yields greater net heat extraction than parallel single-qubit measurements.
  • Cooling power of a refrigerator is improved through specific measurement strategies and swap operations.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum measurements and feedback are effective tools for optimizing coupled-qubit thermal machines.
  • The configuration and measurement strategy significantly impact the performance of quantum thermal devices.
  • This research provides insights into the fundamental principles governing quantum energy devices.