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Exploring Occupational Therapists' Professional Identity: A Q-Method Study.

Ana-Isabel Souto-Gómez1, Miguel-Ángel Talavera-Valverde2,3, María-Del-Pilar García-de-la-Torre4

  • 1Integra Saúde Unit Research, Escola Universitaria de Traballo Social, Universidade Santiago de Compostela, 15704 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

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This study explored occupational therapists' professional identity, revealing key factors like education and mentors. Understanding these influences can help shape future training programs.

Keywords:
Q-methodoccupational therapistsoccupational therapyprofessionalprofessional identity

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Therapy
  • Professional Identity Development
  • Health Professions Education

Background:

  • Professional identity is crucial for occupational therapists but remains understudied.
  • Understanding the factors shaping this identity is essential for professional development.
  • This research addresses the need for deeper insights into occupational therapists' professional identity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the rarely studied factors influencing professional identity from an occupational therapist's viewpoint.
  • To identify and categorize the diverse perspectives on professional identity within the occupational therapy profession.
  • To provide a foundation for improving educational strategies in occupational therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Q-methodology was employed to discern different perspectives on professional identity.
  • A non-probability sampling method was used across the Spanish territory.
  • An ad hoc 40-statement tool, classified into four categories, was developed and analyzed using Ken-Q analysis.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-seven occupational therapists participated, revealing diverse viewpoints on professional identity.
  • Identified perspectives include the role of referents, a 'grey field' of uncertainty, reaffirming a common identity, and the impact of education and mentors.
  • Ongoing training was highlighted as a critical factor in developing professional identity.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates multifaceted aspects of occupational therapists' professional identity.
  • Findings underscore the importance of educational and mentoring influences.
  • This understanding can inform the design of adaptive curricula and future educational initiatives for occupational therapists.