Hydrogen Storage Performance of Mg/MgH₂ and Its Improvement Measures: Research Progress and Trends

Due to its high hydrogen storage efficiency and safety, Mg/MgH₂ stands out from many solid hydrogen storage materials and is considered as one of the most promising solid hydrogen storage materials. However, thermodynamic/kinetic deficiencies of the performance of Mg/MgH₂ limit its practical applications for which a series of improvements have been carried out by scholars. This paper summarizes, analyzes and organizes the current research status of the hydrogen storage performance of Mg/MgH₂ and its improvement measures, discusses in detail the hot studies on improving the hydrogen storage performance of Mg/MgH₂ (improvement measures, such as alloying treatment, nano-treatment and catalyst doping), and focuses on the discussion and in-depth analysis of the catalytic effects and mechanisms of various metal-based catalysts on the kinetic and cyclic performance of Mg/MgH₂. Finally, the challenges and opportunities faced by Mg/MgH₂ are discussed, and strategies to improve its hydrogen storage performance are proposed to provide ideas and help for the next research in Mg/MgH₂ and the whole field of hydrogen storage.