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Oleaginous Yeast Extracts and Their Possible Effects on Human Health
Marie Vysoka1, Martin Szotkowski1, Eva Slaninova1
1Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
Abstract:
Four non-conventional oleaginous and pigmented yeast strains of Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum, Phaffia rhodozyma, and Rhodotorula kratochvilovae were used in this study. Complex yeast extracts were prepared and tested for biological activity, safety, and effect on human health. In this paper, we measured the antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effect of yeast biomass as a whole and their extracts to compare the influence of carotenoids and other bioactive substances in the studied biomass. All yeast extracts exhibited a significant dose-dependent antimicrobial effect against both G+ and G- bacteria and had a strong antioxidant effect. No cytotoxicity in the mouse melanoma B16F1 cell line was found in concentrations up to 20% of rehydrated biomass in cell medium. All of the extracts were cytotoxic at a concentration of 5 mg of extract/g of dry biomass. All the pigmented yeast extracts showed some positive results for apoptosis of murine melanoma cell lines and are therefore strong candidates positively effect human health. Red yeast cell biomass is a prospective material with many attractive biological functions and can be used in the food industry, as a pharmaceutical material, or in the feed industry.
Insights
Pigmented yeasts like Metschnikowia pulcherrima show strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Their extracts are safe for human health, demonstrating potential for food and pharmaceutical applications.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Biotechnology
- Food Science
Background:
- Non-conventional oleaginous and pigmented yeasts are sources of bioactive compounds.
- Yeast biomass and extracts possess potential health benefits.
- Carotenoids and other bioactive substances influence yeast biological activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the biological activity and safety of four pigmented yeast strains.
- To compare the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of yeast biomass and extracts.
- To assess the potential health benefits of red yeast extracts for human applications.
Main Methods:
- Cultivation of four yeast strains: Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum, Phaffia rhodozyma, and Rhodotorula kratochvilovae.
- Preparation of complex yeast extracts and assessment of their biological activity.
- Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, and cytotoxicity using mouse melanoma B16F1 cell line.
Main Results:
- All yeast extracts demonstrated significant dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
- Strong antioxidant effects were observed in all tested yeast extracts.
- No cytotoxicity was found at concentrations up to 20% rehydrated biomass, but cytotoxicity occurred at 5 mg/g dry biomass.
Conclusions:
- Pigmented yeast extracts exhibit promising antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.
- These extracts show positive results for inducing apoptosis in murine melanoma cell lines.
- Red yeast biomass is a valuable prospective material for the food, pharmaceutical, and feed industries.
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