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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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The Gemstone Cyborg: How Diamond Films Are Creating New Platforms for Cell Regeneration and Biointerfacing.

Nádia E Santos1,2, Joana C Mendes2, Susana Santos Braga1

  • 1LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2023
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Summary

Diamond surfaces show excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation, paving the way for its use as a biointerface material in biomedical applications.

Keywords:
NCDNSCsUNCDadhesionbiointerfacingcellsdifferentiationneurons

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Diamond exhibits unique properties like biocompatibility, strength, and electrical conductivity, making it a candidate for biomedical applications.
  • Diamond can be synthesized in various forms, including microcrystalline and ultrananocrystalline diamond films on substrates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studies on cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation on diamond surfaces.
  • To explore how diamond morphology and surface termination influence cell attachment and protein adsorption.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating cell-surface interactions on diamond.
  • Analysis of factors affecting cell adhesion, including surface morphology and termination.

Main Results:

  • Diamond surfaces promote cell adhesion, growth, and, in some cases, differentiation into neurons and oligodendrocytes.
  • Surface morphology and termination significantly impact cell adhesion by altering hydrophilicity and protein attachment.

Conclusions:

  • Diamond's biocompatibility and tunable surface properties make it a promising material for biointerface applications.
  • Further research into diamond surface engineering can optimize its performance for neural tissue engineering and other biomedical uses.