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A Diphenylalanine Based Pentapeptide with Fibrillating Self-Assembling Properties.

Stefania-Claudia Jitaru1, Andrei Neamtu2,3, Gabi Drochioiu1

  • 1Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Bd., 700506 Iasi, Romania.

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|February 25, 2023
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Summary

This study details the creation of self-assembling peptide fibrils from a lysozyme fragment. These peptide nanostructures show pH-dependent fibril formation, paving the way for medical and cosmetic applications.

Keywords:
AFMMALDI-ToFaggregationegg white lysozymefluorescencepentapeptideself-assembling

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Peptides self-assemble into nanostructures influenced by environmental stimuli.
  • Lysozyme-derived peptides offer potential for novel nanomaterial development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a lysozyme-derived pentapeptide (FESNF).
  • To investigate the self-assembly properties and fibril formation of the FESNF peptide.
  • To explore the potential of these peptide fibrils in medical and cosmetic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and Fmoc/t-Bu strategy.
  • Purification via High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and characterization by MALDI-Mass Spectrometry.
  • Self-assembly analysis using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), aggregation index, Thioflavin T (ThT) assay, UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorimetry, and molecular dynamics simulations.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis and characterization of the FESNF pentapeptide.
  • Demonstrated pH-dependent self-assembly into well-defined fibrillar nanostructures.
  • Spectroscopic analysis revealed the role of phenylalanine residues in peptide behavior.
  • AFM and aggregation assays confirmed fibril formation influenced by pH.

Conclusions:

  • The lysozyme-derived FESNF peptide self-assembles into stable fibrils.
  • pH is a critical factor controlling the fibrillization process.
  • These peptide fibrils hold promise as support materials for biomedical and cosmetic uses.