Multienzyme-Like Nanozymes: Regulation, Rational Design, and Application.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biochemistry
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Multienzymic nanozymes possess multiple enzyme-like activities, showing promise in biosensing and therapeutics.
• They offer advantages like synergistic effects and cascaded reactions over single-activity nanozymes.
• However, their catalytic mechanisms and design are complex.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review multienzymic nanozymes.
• To discuss their classification, regulatory factors, and design strategies.
• To highlight recent applications and future perspectives.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and systematic discussion.
• Analysis of classification schemes based on activity types.
• Exploration of chemical, biomimetic, and computer-aided design strategies.

Main Results:

• Multienzymic nanozymes exhibit unique advantages due to combined catalytic activities.
• Factors influencing their activities and design approaches are elucidated.
• Progress in applications leveraging multicatalytic properties is presented.

Conclusions:

• Multienzymic nanozymes present significant potential in various fields.
• Further research is needed to overcome design complexities and fully exploit their capabilities.
• This review aims to advance understanding and inspire future development.