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Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and COVID-19 Mortality, ICU Admission, and Length of Hospitalization

Elchanan Parnasa1, Ofer Perzon1, Aviad Klinger2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.

The Israel Medical Association Journal : IMAJ
|February 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency appears protective against severe COVID-19. Patients with G6PD deficiency showed reduced intensive care unit admissions and critical illness, with a trend toward lower mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic poses significant global health challenges, necessitating research into factors influencing disease severity.
  • Understanding host factors, such as genetic conditions, is crucial for developing effective COVID-19 treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and outcomes in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To determine if G6PD deficiency impacts the morbidity and mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients admitted to Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center from March 2020 to May 2021.
  • Data collection included demographics, clinical information, and laboratory results from electronic medical records.
  • Primary outcomes assessed were mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and overall COVID-19 severity.

Main Results:

  • G6PD deficiency was identified as an independent protective factor against ICU admission (OR 0.258, P = 0.003).
  • Patients with G6PD deficiency had significantly lower odds of developing critical illness (OR 0.121, P = 0.006).
  • A trend towards reduced mortality rates was observed in G6PD-deficient patients, though it did not reach statistical significance (OR 0.541, P = 0.10).

Conclusions:

  • G6PD deficiency is associated with a reduced likelihood of severe COVID-19 disease.
  • Individuals with G6PD deficiency experienced lower rates of ICU admission and critical illness.
  • The findings suggest a potential protective role of G6PD deficiency in COVID-19 outcomes.
Abstract

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