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Updated: Aug 8, 2025

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β-Ionone represses renal cell carcinoma progression through activating LKB1/AMPK-triggered autophagy

Tao Hou1,2,3, Yuzhao Wang1,2,3, Weichao Dan1,2,3

  • 1Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology
|February 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Beta-ionone effectively inhibits renal cell carcinoma (RCC) proliferation by inducing autophagy. This study reveals a new therapeutic strategy for RCC through beta-ionone-induced autophagy via the LKB1/AMPK pathway.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Beta-ionone, a beta-carotenoid analog, exhibits antitumor properties across various cancer types.
  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment.
  • Understanding novel therapeutic agents for RCC is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of beta-ionone on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which beta-ionone impacts RCC proliferation and survival.
  • To explore the potential of beta-ionone as a therapeutic strategy for RCC.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies using RCC cell lines (786-O and ACHN) with colony formation assays, flow cytometry, and western blot analysis.
  • In vivo validation using a xenograft mouse model.
  • Assessment of autophagy markers (LC3 puncta and expression) and the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway.

Main Results:

  • Beta-ionone significantly inhibited RCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
  • Beta-ionone treatment induced autophagy in RCC cells, evidenced by increased LC3 puncta and expression.
  • The antiproliferative effect of beta-ionone was mediated by autophagy induction through the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Beta-ionone demonstrates potent antitumor activity against renal cell carcinoma.
  • Beta-ionone-induced autophagy, via the LKB1/AMPK pathway, represents a novel therapeutic mechanism for RCC.
  • Beta-ionone holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for treating renal cell carcinoma.
Keywords:
LKB1/AMPKautophagyproliferationrenal cancer cellβ-Ionone

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