Sudden Consecutive Bilateral Amaurosis Secondary to Central Retinal Artery Occlusion After Kidney Transplantation

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a medical emergency, considered a stroke equivalent by the American Heart Association. There are a few reported cases of bilateral CRAO, most of them occurring in the context of a systemic predisposing condition. We present a case of bilateral CRAO following kidney transplantation. This 58-year-old man suffered CRAO in the right eye 24 hours after having kidney transplantation surgery. Treatment with an intravenous bolus of high-dose corticosteroids and full-dose anticoagulation therapy was initiated. However, 48 hours later, the patient suffered contralateral CRAO, resulting in irreversible bilateral amaurosis. CRAO is a rare but devastating complication of non-ophthalmological surgery and must be considered in postoperative patients with visual complaints. CRAO may have different causal mechanisms, but due to the similarity of their clinical manifestations, accurate etiology is not always easy to establish. Given the importance of an early diagnosis, all physicians should know about its risk factors and be aware of how patients with suspected CRAO must be rapidly referred for general and ophthalmological evaluation.